1. introduction to abacus
- History and importance of the abacus
- How abacus improves brain function and math skills
- Icebreaker: Explore a basic abacus model
2. understanding the abacus structure
- Parts of the abacus: beads, rods, and frame
- Values of beads in each row
- Hands-on: Identify parts on a real or picture abacus
3. basic bead movements
- How to move beads to represent numbers
- Practice counting 1 to 10 using beads
- Activity: Bead sliding exercises
4. place value concept
- Understanding units, tens, hundreds using the abacus
- Representing multi-digit numbers
- Practice: Build numbers with bead movement
5. addition techniques
- Simple addition using beads
- Carry-over concepts with abacus
- Exercise: Solve addition problems on the abacus
6. subtraction techniques
- Basic subtraction using bead movements
- Borrowing and regrouping explained
- Practice problems with step-by-step guidance
7. multiplication basics
- Using abacus for multiplication tables
- Visualizing multiplication steps on the abacus
- Group activity: Multiplication drills
8. division fundamentals
- Understanding division with abacus beads
- Stepwise division process demonstrated
- Practice: Simple division problems
9. speed and accuracy drills
- Timed exercises to improve calculation speed
- Techniques for error checking
- Friendly competitions and games
10. mental math enhancement
- Transitioning from abacus to mental visualization
- Techniques to visualize beads mentally
- Challenge: Solve problems without the physical abacus
11. application in daily math
- Using abacus skills for real-world math tasks
- Problem-solving scenarios involving money and measurements
- Activity: Plan a simple budget or shopping list
12. assessment and celebration
- Review of skills learned
- Practical test and fun math games
- Certificates and recognition for progress
